Stagnating agriculture and a declining textiles sector characterized the Gujarati economy on its 1960 creation. Poor quality infrastructure compounded the challenge. We look at the five major market-building strategies it adopted to combine investment focus with institutional reform. We look at how this process successfully led Gujarat to become an industrialized state with high GDP growth. Gujarat still has a low human development index score, and its divisive politics are still characterized by rioting. Can it translate this economic miracle into social progress?